19 March - Day of the Sailor Submariner
Today - March 19 - submariners celebrate their professional holiday - people who know firsthand what real trust is, the shoulder of a friend and mutual assistance.
The holiday was established about twenty-one years ago. June 15, 1996 Commander-in-Chief of the Navy fleet Fleet Admiral Felix Nikolayevich Gromov signed order No. 253, in accordance with which a professional holiday was established - Day of the Submariner.
19 March was chosen as the date of the holiday, because on this day in 1906, Emperor Nicholas II introduced a new class of warships - submarines - to the navy. In the same year, 10 submarines were incorporated into the Russian fleet. Thus, Russia was one of the first countries in the world to acquire a submarine fleet. And the fleet, which soon the Russian Empire had to experience in the real conditions of the war.
In 1912, the implementation of the program for the construction of a series of submarines, called Bars, was launched. The chief designer of the submarines of the project was a remarkable ship engineer and mathematician Ivan Bubnov.
Under his command, the very production of submarines was deployed - at the plant of the society "Noblessner" in Reval (now - Tallinn) and at the Baltic plant in St. Petersburg.
The submarines built at the Baltic Shipyard received the following names: Bars, Wild boar, Wolf, Cheetah, Snake, Unicorn, the latter two for the Far East, and the submarines created in Revel, - "Lioness", "Tigr", "Caguar", "Tour", "Yaz", "Leopard", "Jaguar", "Panther", "Ersh", "Trout", "Lynx", "Eel". Here for the Far East - the last four, the rest - for operation in the Baltic.
The displacement of each of the submarines was 650 t (surface) and 780 t (submarine). Extreme depth of immersion - 100 m. Crew - by 34 person. Submarines participated in the events of the First World War. In particular, they were used for reconnaissance purposes, covering the mine-blocking actions of the surface fleet.
By the beginning of World War II, the 4 fleets of the USSR had 212 submarines. This war for the Soviet submarine fleet was a real test of "strength."
Soviet submariners had to fight in very harsh conditions. The complexity of the conduct of hostilities for submariners was often the lack of the necessary support and effective combat training. There was also an acute shortage of professional staff. However, when performing combat missions, the crew members showed great skill and loyalty to the oath, which allowed them to perform sometimes the most unthinkable combat missions. In addition to the destruction of enemy ships, submarine sailors conducted reconnaissance, set up minefields, and participated in escorting the USSR and allied ships.
A lot of literature has been written on the heroism of Soviet submariners. However, despite this, many secrets of battles with the participation of Soviet submariners during the war years still remain secrets - for a number of reasons: from the banal lack of information to finding this very information under the heading "secret".
Twenty-three sailors of the Soviet submarine fleet for the exploits accomplished during the war years received the titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union, thousands of submariners were awarded orders and medals.
The power of the submarine fleet has increased many times since the beginning of the atomic era. Submarines received new power plants, the ability to carry on its board and nuclear weaponthat turned them into true masters of the deep sea.
The domestic fleet is one of the largest in the world, with a wide potential for combat and reconnaissance missions. The structure of the submarine fleet of the Russian Navy includes: diesel submarines, nuclear multi-purpose submarines, missile submarines, special purpose submarines.
Modern Russian submarines: the 955 "Borey" project and the 885 "Ash" project have begun to be part of the Russian Navy since 2013.
According to Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, the Russian Navy before 2020 will receive 24 new submarines. Such ships of different projects and classes will help to upgrade and raise the fleet's combat potential to a qualitatively new level.
The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has a clear plan for the development of the underwater Navy. For reasons of secrecy, its details are not made public, it is only known that it is planned to completely replace the outdated submarines with fourth-generation samples and create fifth-generation projects, as well as about the possible implementation of the project of modular assembly of ships of the submarine fleet.
Only a large and highly developed military-technical power can afford to have a truly effective submarine fleet. To maintain its position, the domestic fleet must be developed and modernized. And this work is underway.
At all times, submarine sailors were the real elite of the Russian Navy. That is why the prestige of military service on submarines is growing in our time. In order to be in the service on a submarine, sailors must pass a series of tests, intensive courses and psychological tests. The submariner's service requires excellent health and physical fitness, good education and the highest professional training, since only highly qualified specialists can cope with the most complex technical systems in an enclosed space and high psychological stress.
"Military Review" congratulates all involved, including veterans of the submarine fleet of the Navy of the USSR and the Russian Federation, on the holiday!
The holiday was established about twenty-one years ago. June 15, 1996 Commander-in-Chief of the Navy fleet Fleet Admiral Felix Nikolayevich Gromov signed order No. 253, in accordance with which a professional holiday was established - Day of the Submariner.
19 March was chosen as the date of the holiday, because on this day in 1906, Emperor Nicholas II introduced a new class of warships - submarines - to the navy. In the same year, 10 submarines were incorporated into the Russian fleet. Thus, Russia was one of the first countries in the world to acquire a submarine fleet. And the fleet, which soon the Russian Empire had to experience in the real conditions of the war.
In 1912, the implementation of the program for the construction of a series of submarines, called Bars, was launched. The chief designer of the submarines of the project was a remarkable ship engineer and mathematician Ivan Bubnov.
Under his command, the very production of submarines was deployed - at the plant of the society "Noblessner" in Reval (now - Tallinn) and at the Baltic plant in St. Petersburg.
The submarines built at the Baltic Shipyard received the following names: Bars, Wild boar, Wolf, Cheetah, Snake, Unicorn, the latter two for the Far East, and the submarines created in Revel, - "Lioness", "Tigr", "Caguar", "Tour", "Yaz", "Leopard", "Jaguar", "Panther", "Ersh", "Trout", "Lynx", "Eel". Here for the Far East - the last four, the rest - for operation in the Baltic.
The displacement of each of the submarines was 650 t (surface) and 780 t (submarine). Extreme depth of immersion - 100 m. Crew - by 34 person. Submarines participated in the events of the First World War. In particular, they were used for reconnaissance purposes, covering the mine-blocking actions of the surface fleet.
By the beginning of World War II, the 4 fleets of the USSR had 212 submarines. This war for the Soviet submarine fleet was a real test of "strength."
Soviet submariners had to fight in very harsh conditions. The complexity of the conduct of hostilities for submariners was often the lack of the necessary support and effective combat training. There was also an acute shortage of professional staff. However, when performing combat missions, the crew members showed great skill and loyalty to the oath, which allowed them to perform sometimes the most unthinkable combat missions. In addition to the destruction of enemy ships, submarine sailors conducted reconnaissance, set up minefields, and participated in escorting the USSR and allied ships.
A lot of literature has been written on the heroism of Soviet submariners. However, despite this, many secrets of battles with the participation of Soviet submariners during the war years still remain secrets - for a number of reasons: from the banal lack of information to finding this very information under the heading "secret".
Twenty-three sailors of the Soviet submarine fleet for the exploits accomplished during the war years received the titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union, thousands of submariners were awarded orders and medals.
The power of the submarine fleet has increased many times since the beginning of the atomic era. Submarines received new power plants, the ability to carry on its board and nuclear weaponthat turned them into true masters of the deep sea.
The domestic fleet is one of the largest in the world, with a wide potential for combat and reconnaissance missions. The structure of the submarine fleet of the Russian Navy includes: diesel submarines, nuclear multi-purpose submarines, missile submarines, special purpose submarines.
Modern Russian submarines: the 955 "Borey" project and the 885 "Ash" project have begun to be part of the Russian Navy since 2013.
According to Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, the Russian Navy before 2020 will receive 24 new submarines. Such ships of different projects and classes will help to upgrade and raise the fleet's combat potential to a qualitatively new level.
The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has a clear plan for the development of the underwater Navy. For reasons of secrecy, its details are not made public, it is only known that it is planned to completely replace the outdated submarines with fourth-generation samples and create fifth-generation projects, as well as about the possible implementation of the project of modular assembly of ships of the submarine fleet.
Only a large and highly developed military-technical power can afford to have a truly effective submarine fleet. To maintain its position, the domestic fleet must be developed and modernized. And this work is underway.
At all times, submarine sailors were the real elite of the Russian Navy. That is why the prestige of military service on submarines is growing in our time. In order to be in the service on a submarine, sailors must pass a series of tests, intensive courses and psychological tests. The submariner's service requires excellent health and physical fitness, good education and the highest professional training, since only highly qualified specialists can cope with the most complex technical systems in an enclosed space and high psychological stress.
"Military Review" congratulates all involved, including veterans of the submarine fleet of the Navy of the USSR and the Russian Federation, on the holiday!
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