"Russian democracy can realize its goals only through the complete crushing of tsarism and the dismemberment of Russia into small states"

69
In 1915, the Russian armies retreated in relative order and retained their combat capability. Russian could fight more than one year, provided a quiet rear. In the West, the German corps could not penetrate the powerful French positional defense.

Thus, the German leadership was left with the only way to lead Russia out of the war - to conclude a separate peace. The question was, with whom to enter into it? With the king, or to help in the decomposition of the rear, to support the revolution to overthrow Nicholas II and negotiate with the new government?



The Germans used both methods. They supported nationalists, revolutionaries and at the same time tried to start negotiations with Nikolai Alexandrovich. The first sounding was done in 1915, through the brother of Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, Eric, Count of Eilenburg (colonel of the German General Staff), bankers Fried Wartburg and Andersen. The minister of the royal court, Count Fredericks, received a letter from his Berlin friend, Count Eilenburg, with the proposal “to put an end to the misunderstanding between the two states”. Nikolay listened to the letter and noticed that "the friendship is dead and buried." The king refused to respond to this letter so that it would not be interpreted as the beginning of negotiations.

Soon followed a new attempt by Berlin to find a common language with Petrograd. Princess Vasilchikova arrived in Petrograd from Germany with an offer to make peace. She had to inform representatives of the former “pro-German party” (opponents of the war with Germany) that the German Kaiser was ready to guarantee Russia the most favorable conditions for a peaceful settlement. In order to increase the attractiveness of the proposal, it was reported that England allegedly already offered Germany a separate peace. The main idea was that reconciliation between the two empires was necessary for the salvation of two dynasties in the coming era of unprecedented social unrest. Tsar Nicholas II and Russian Foreign Minister S. D. Sazonov, who were handed letters with these proposals, had not yet seen the threat to the throne and had not accepted the arguments of the Germans. Vasilchikova fell into disgrace and was exiled to the estate.

Attempts to find a common language were continued in the 1916 year. Empress Alexandra Feodorovna continued correspondence with her brother Eric. In addition, one of the main opponents of the war with Germany was the "royal friend" G. Rasputin. However, this line did not succeed. It is possible that this was due to the elimination of G. Rasputin in December 1916. As historian A. B. Shirokorad writes: “What kind of puppeteers did Rasputin have? Could Grigori Efimovich achieve a separate peace in the early days of 1917? Alas, these secrets died with him. ... It was unprofitable for the Provisional Government and the Bolsheviks to delve into Rasputin's relations with German intelligence, though for various reasons ”(A. B. Shirokorad. Germany. Opposition through the ages. M., 2008).

"Russian democracy can realize its goals only through the complete crushing of tsarism and the dismemberment of Russia into small states"

Austrian troops in Odessa. 1918 year

Thus, the Germans failed to make peace with the tsarist government. But it was possible to conclude an agreement with the new government of Russia. And for this it was necessary to cause confusion in Russia, to bring to power a new government, those who oppose the war with Germany. Since the beginning of the war, the Bolsheviks and various national separatists (from Finnish and Polish to Georgian) have consistently opposed it.

Adventurer, speculator, revolutionary and agent of several intelligence agencies A. Parvus (Israel Gelfand) in January 1915, met with the German ambassador in Constantinople, Hans von Wangenheim (Wagenheim), in conversation with whom he put forward the idea of ​​organizing a revolution in Russia. Parvus declared: “Russian democracy can realize its goals only through the complete crushing of tsarism and the dismemberment of Russia into small states. Germany, for its part, will not achieve complete success if it fails to initiate a large-scale revolution in Russia. Russian danger, however, will exist even after the war, until the Russian Empire is split into its components. The interests of the German government coincide with the interests of the Russian revolutionaries. "

Thus, Parvus expressed in a concentrated way the essence of the “Russian question” for the West — the need to “dismember Russia in small states.” They say that the “Russian danger” (threat) can be eliminated only by splitting the Russian empire.

At the request of the German ambassador, in March 1915, Parvus sent the German government a detailed plan for organizing a revolution in Russia - a document known as the “Memorandum of Dr. Gelfand”. Relying on the experience of the 1905-1907 revolution, Parvus on 20 pages described in detail how to organize a campaign in the press, how to raise workers, peasants and national outskirts to fight tsarism.

Parvus believed that the revolution in Russia could be organized with the help of a mass political strike: “Petrograd will be the center of the movement, and in Petrograd itself Obukhovsky, Putilovsky and Baltic factories will be. The strike should cover the railway connection between Petrograd and Warsaw, as well as the South-Western Railway. The railway strike will mainly be held in large centers with large working groups, railway workshops, etc. ”It is also necessary to intensify campaigning and propaganda with the aim of unrest and strikes in the cities of the Black Sea, Caucasus, mining Donetsk region, in the Ural industrial region. “Particular attention should be paid to Siberia ... During the revolutionary 1905 movement, all control was in the hands of the revolutionary committees. The administrative apparatus is extremely weak. The armed forces were reduced to a minimum, as calmness and confidence are felt in relation to Japan. These circumstances make it possible to create some centers of action in Siberia. ”

Parvus correctly identified the weaknesses of the Russian Empire in the national question. The goal was to create an "independent Ukraine", to raise a general uprising in Finland, to create the conditions for an uprising and falling away from Russia of the Caucasus. It was also noted that “the peasant movement is, as in the 1905 year, an important contributing factor” of unrest in Russia.

In his opinion, the plan could be carried out "only under the leadership of the Russian Social Democrats," but with the participation of the Mensheviks. Also in the revolution were to take part the Social Democratic Party of Jews, Poles, Finns, Lithuanians. “Separate negotiations should be held with the party of Russian socialist revolutionaries” (the Social Revolutionaries), since they have a significant influence on the peasantry.

However, many high-ranking German officials were skeptical of Parvus's memorandum. Thus, the Minister of Finance Helnferich December 26 wrote: "In my opinion, he too imagined too much in his plans, especially in the so-called financial plan, in which we are unlikely to be able to participate." As a result, instead of the originally requested 5 million rubles (for the full realization of the revolution, according to Parvus, 20 million was required) he received only one million rubles - December 29 1915 of the year.

The German leadership also relied on national separatists. Before the war with the separatists, Germany tried not to have a deal, but in August 1914, the situation radically changed. Already 3 August 1914, the deputy state secretary Zimmerman telegraphed instructions to the German embassy in Constantinople-Istanbul: the Caucasus should be raised against the Russians. On August 6, German Chancellor T. Bettman-Golweg instructed the ambassador to Sweden to promise the creation of an “autonomous buffer state” for the Finns. Thus, already at the start of the war, the Germans set the task of creating a “national front” against the Russian Empire from Finland to the Caucasus. Betman-Golweg set a goal: "Russian despotism must be thrown back to Moscow."

According to the instructions from 11 of August 1914, issued by Foreign Minister Gottlieb von Yagov, the goals of the policy of the German Empire were: “The realization of the revolution is very important not only in Poland, but also in Ukraine: 1. As a means of warfare against Russia. 2. In the event of a favorable end to the war, the creation of several buffer states between Russia, on the one hand, Germany and Austria-Hungary, on the other, is desirable as a means of easing the pressure of the Russian colossus on Western Europe and to throw Russia eastward as much as possible. ”

As a result, the Germans from Tehran tried to establish ties with the Muslim radicals in Turkestan, but the exit of Russian troops in Northern Persia greatly hampered the activities of German agents. Also, the Germans forged ties with the Georgian and Finnish nationalists. In February 1915, scout camps were organized for young Finns, they came to Germany through Sweden. These courses were not in vain. Under Mannerheim, the 165 graduates became officers, of whom 25 became generals, making up the core of the Finnish army, police, special services, and security officer ("security corps"). In 1915, the Germans began to separate the captured Russian-Little Russians from other prisoners of war. They were sent to separate camps, where they were subjected to intensive psychological treatment by the German special services and the Galician “Ukrainians”.

True, all these measures were of little importance, while it was quiet in the capital of the Russian Empire. All these "bookmarks" could fully explode only with paralysis of the central government, the tsarist government. Everything depended on the events in Petrograd. And as a result, the empire was not blown up by the Social Democrats and nationalists, but the fevralists, the liberal-bourgeois part of society, the representatives of the “elite” part of the empire's population who wanted to live “like in the West”, wanted “freedom” from autocracy and full power.

To be continued ...
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  1. +6
    29 November 2016 06: 36
    Everything is as always - if a "democratic revolution" is brewing - then someone needs it!
    Someone is financing this and there are clear goals.
    The only question is the level of performers and the ability of the authorities to control the situation.
    In Russia, talented performers and a rotten elite with a weakened instinct of self-preservation just turned out to be.
    1. +9
      29 November 2016 10: 00
      And here is what the founders of the "religion" of the 1917 revolution wrote.
      Engels exclaimed:
      "Europe has only one alternative: either submit to the barbaric yoke of the Slavs, or completely destroy the center of this hostile force - Russia."
      Engels (from the article "Democratic Pan-Slavism"): "To the sentimental phrases about brotherhood addressed to us on behalf of the most counter-revolutionary nations of Europe, we answer: HATE FOR RUSSIANS was and continues to be among the Germans THEIR FIRST REVOLUTIONARY PASSION; from the time of the revolution to this hatred for the Czechs and Croats has been added, and only with the help of the MOST DECISIVE TERRORISM AGAINST THESE SLAVIC PEOPLES can we, together with the Poles and Magyars, protect the revolution from danger. OR INDICATIONS ON THE UNCERTAIN DEMOCRATIC FUTURE OF THESE COUNTRIES WILL NOT HIND US TO TREAT OUR ENEMIES AS ENEMIES "
      Engels (C) 1866: "As for Russia, it can only be mentioned as the owner of a huge amount of stolen property, which she will have to give back on the day of reckoning."
      Engels (on Napoleon's campaign against Moscow in 1812): "Cossacks, Bashkirs and other bandit rabble defeated the republic, the successor of the Great French Revolution."
      Engels (from the article "Democratic Pan-Slavism"): "Then the struggle, the REMEMBERRY STRUGGLE, not for life, but to the death WITH THE SLAVY, betraying the revolution, the struggle FOR DESTROY and REMEDY TERRORISM is not in the interests of Germany, but in the interests of the revolution."
      Marx literally conjured the Europeans:
      “Kronstadt and St. Petersburg must be destroyed ... Without Odessa, Kronstadt, Riga and Sevastopol with emancipated Finland and a hostile army at the gates of the capital ... what will happen to Russia? A giant without arms, without eyes, which can only try to hit its opponents with blind weight. ”
      Marx “The Secret Diplomatic History of the 18 Century”
      “Muscovy was raised and raised in a terrible and heinous school of Mongol slavery. Even after its liberation, Muscovy continued to play the role of a slave who became master. Subsequently, Peter the Great combined the political art of the Mongol slave with the proud aspirations of the Mongol ruler, whom Genghis Khan bequeathed to implement a plan to conquer the world. "
      And these two characters were the founders of the doctrine of the Soviet state.
      And a lot of other interesting things. Taken from here http://maxpark.com/community/8/content/1273198
      1. +5
        29 November 2016 10: 18
        Wend Engels (about Napoleon's campaign against Moscow in 1812): "Cossacks, Bashkirs and other bandit rabble defeated the republic, the successor of the Great French Revolution."

        Napoleon destroyed the republic and became emperor (monarch) so an obvious forgery! lol
        1. +2
          29 November 2016 16: 39
          Uncle Murzik, you want to say: Engils loved the Cossacks and Bashkirs, and Wend turned everything upside down?
          1. 0
            30 November 2016 23: 59
            he wants to say that Finland is all the Mensheviks
      2. +4
        29 November 2016 10: 19
        "Europe has only one alternative: either submit to the barbaric yoke of the Slavs, or completely destroy the center of this hostile force - Russia."

        You know, at this particular moment to solve current problems, you can talk about anything - at least about God with the devil.
        And when they reached their goals - rhetoric changes - often dramatically.
        The Bolsheviks also with all their might ruined the front of Russia in WWI - the struggle against tsarism and all that. A little time passed - and the same thing began to be promoted as "saving the revolution".
        Propaganda for short-term goals and long-term doctrine are two different things.
        1. +2
          29 November 2016 11: 00
          Quote: Niccola Mack

          The Bolsheviks also with all their might ruined the front of Russia in WWI - the struggle against tsarism and all that. A little time passed - and the same thing began to be promoted as "saving the revolution".
          Propaganda for short-term goals and long-term doctrine are two different things.

          The problem is that if you knead the dough on bad products, then you can’t bake good bread. The same is with ideology. Further in the USSR, a lot of good and positive was created, but the result is known. It's a pity. After all, it was possible not to destroy the system, as in China, but to let people breathe, and not to strangle them with ideology.
          1. +2
            29 November 2016 11: 17
            The problem is that if you knead the dough on bad products, then do not bake good bread.

            This is a very beautiful and figurative expression - but it has little to do with reality.
            The more real alignment is this - the doctrine is a recipe, and the products are physical people, nations, communities.
            And everything turns out differently - Hitler was destroying Jews with might and main, Mussolini, somehow, did not pay attention to them at all. Vietnam managed practically without "communist excesses" - and now they live stably (like Cuba), but Cambodia and China have drank "in full".
            It turns out that the same recipes yield different results.
          2. +1
            29 November 2016 16: 48
            Wend, thank you for telling us about the "founders", but the trouble is that "yesterday" will not want to believe. In general, I completely agree: "If you knead the dough on bad products, then you won't bake good bread." The cooks were obviously "tired" and the cooks were drinking
        2. +6
          29 November 2016 11: 01
          Nikkola Mac Noy Jordania, a Menshevik, a Februaryist, belonged to a group of so-called "defencists" - that is, those who very actively fought for the WAR WITH GERMANY to a victorious end, later, for services to Germany, the Germans in 1918, presented him to the Iron Cross. laughing
          1. +3
            29 November 2016 11: 22
            I was always stuck with the concept of "right" and "left deviation" in party politics - especially when the "general line" dangled like a weather vane in the wind.
            Here is the same option - party discussion.
            And the Germans simply morally supported those who pour water at the moment into their mill.
            1. +3
              29 November 2016 11: 49
              Nikkola Mack and so it’s just cool that those who stood up for the war to a victorious end and received German orders! lol
        3. +3
          29 November 2016 13: 57
          Quote: Nikkola Mac
          The Bolsheviks also with all their might ruined the front of Russia in WWI - the struggle against tsarism and all that. A little time passed - and the same thing began to be promoted as "saving the revolution".

          Hehe hehe ... in some places of this time quite a bit has passed.
          In June 1917 in Helsingfors and Revel, Raskolnikov campaigned in every possible way for "down with the war, the Germans are our brothers". And already in October 1917, on the batteries of the Irbensky Strait, exactly the same commissars, with obscenities and Mauser, drove personnel to the guns in order to keep the defense from the German fleet.
          1. +1
            29 November 2016 17: 54
            Raskolnikov is still that watchdog. If you think about it, most of the so-called "heroes of the civil war", to put it mildly, will be questionable: R. Zemlyachka was the initiator of the executions of prisoners and wounded in Crimea, Bela Kun also "heroed" against the weak, Tukhachevsky was a chemical weapon against the Tambov men. S.M. Budyonny is a part of Dumenko's death.
            Kotovsky was in his own way a "knight" (read Shulgin) and did not fight with women and wounded. N.V. Frunze also did not "noted" such heroism, it is probably easier to list bm of respectable
            1. +1
              29 November 2016 18: 28
              Quote: Monarchist
              Tukhachevsky-chemical weapon against Tambov men

              Ahem ... actually, this chemical weapon is regularly used in the modern army against its own soldiers when checking the fit of gas masks. smile
              Chloropicrin for those times is a seed. In the same North against 6 A, Major General of the General Staff Samoilo (red army - yes, such a squiggle smile ) Adamsite, mustard gas and phosgene were used with might and main.
              Moreover, according to the results of the most fierce shelling (of the three conducted), Tukhachevsky even the tethered horses survived in the affected area.

              As for Raskolnikov, on the one hand, he was responsible for the capture and withdrawal of the "death barge" on which the communists and those who sympathized with them were (the white barge planned to flood). And on the other hand, an ineptly planned and carried out operation in the Baltic, which ended with the capture of the Avtroil and Spartak EMs by the British (the future Lennuk and Vambola, the future Admiral Gissé and Almirante Villar) - together with Raskolnikov himself.
            2. 0
              29 November 2016 18: 33
              Kotovsky killed Tambov peasants, Frunze the executioner of the Crimea (and the Makhnovist allies).
            3. 0
              29 November 2016 22: 58
              Quote: Monarchist
              most of the so-called "heroes of the civil war" to put it mildly dubious

              And how many of them will be shot later.
              1. 0
                30 November 2016 06: 19
                “The revolution is how the god Saturn devours his children. Be careful, the gods crave "

                But everyone thinks that they will be Saturns or it will just be different with them.
      3. +3
        29 November 2016 11: 10
        Quote: Wend
        And these two characters were the founders of the doctrine of the Soviet state.

        It's upside down. "Sweet couple" is a theoretical basis, if you like, but our "forever alive" = really the founder of the world's first "socialist" state, although socialism in the USSR was built by the peoples of the USSR under the leadership of JV Stalin.
        1. 0
          29 November 2016 17: 57
          V.ic, may I ask, did the "eternally alive" reject Marxism or not?
          1. 0
            29 November 2016 18: 25
            Quote: Monarchist
            V.ic, may I ask

            I allow, dear, for that and communicate! hi
            Quote: Monarchist
            "eternally alive" denied Marxism or not?

            A clumsy and provocative question, how can you deny what you preach? Another thing is that "Lukich" was a pragmatist to the core and bones, it was not for nothing that one of his colleagues in the RSDLP called him a political Jesuit.
      4. 0
        29 November 2016 16: 07
        Give specific links to specific chapters of collected works
        1. 0
          29 November 2016 18: 33
          Quote: pussamussa
          Give specific links to specific chapters of collected works

          Yeah! Can also run for a beer? The answer is: put your thumb between the index and middle, and squeeze the ring and pinky. Then carefully examine the resulting figure. Knowledge itself must be earned!
        2. 0
          29 November 2016 21: 57
          Quote: pussamussa
          book chapters

          This is the link
      5. +3
        29 November 2016 22: 10
        Give a reference in which volume of Engels's works did you pick up such quotes? In general, you can not bother yourself, because this non-existent nonsense. There were no such expressions in any of the collected works of Marx or Engels. What are you all primitive anti-Soviet Nazis, trying to swing at something that you do not even understand, "quote" those who did not even bother to open and read seriously.
  2. +7
    29 November 2016 07: 12
    The Russian danger will, however, exist even after the war, until the Russian Empire is split into its components. (WITH)

    To this day!
    The interests of the German government coincide with the interests of the Russian revolutionaries ”(C)

    Navalny, Khodorkovsky, Chubais, under a phrase with both hands, would have signed ...
  3. +3
    29 November 2016 07: 17
    In 1915, the Russian armies retreated in relative order and retained their combat capability. Russian could fight more than one year, provided a quiet rear. In the West, the German corps could not penetrate the powerful French positional defense.

    This is the right thought. Deep Reflects in a nutshell the essence of the First World War.
  4. +5
    29 November 2016 07: 46
    Also, the Germans made contacts with Georgian and Finnish nationalists.

    Noah Zhordania, a Menshevik, a Februaryist, belonged to the group of so-called "defencists" - that is, those who very actively fought for the war with Germany to a victorious end, and later, for services to Germany, the Germans in 1918, presented him to the Iron Cross.
    1. +3
      29 November 2016 09: 30
      Quote: parusnik
      for merits to Germany, the Germans in 1918, introduced him to the Iron Cross.

      Managed to lick!
      1. +6
        29 November 2016 11: 11
        Zhordania then licked the British, concluded an agreement with Denikin on the fight against the Bolsheviks, after the defeat of the White Army, initiated the signing of a peace agreement with the RSFSR, demanded that the Entente recognize the RSFSR, so Russia would back away from Georgia .., Nina Teimurazovna Gegechkori, niece of N. Zhordania, was married to L.P. Beria
  5. +1
    29 November 2016 08: 25
    The "blue" dream of the Yankes: Non-Russian Rus ...
    Ukraine is no longer "Ukrainian", only in words.
  6. +6
    29 November 2016 09: 16
    Dear author, I liked the article, I look forward to continuing. If you have the opportunity, then write an article about the activities of Trotsky and his group, who arrived from the United States. And most importantly, indicate. who financed all these "comrades".
    1. +5
      29 November 2016 09: 34
      Quote: captain
      about the activities of Trotsky and his group, who arrived from the United States. And most importantly, indicate. who financed all these "comrades".

      Overcome your panic fear and read the information you are interested in from Starikov. Although I join your wish! It will be interesting to listen to the offended roar of the "chosen people" ...
      1. +1
        29 November 2016 10: 00
        It is possible that the real prototype of Trotsky was Reinbot Anatoly Anatolyevich, major general of the tsarist army.
        1. +1
          29 November 2016 12: 34
          Very pleased with the start of this article. Thank you. I wanted to write the same as Yuri, though I didn’t think about Trotsky, but I will be glad to know. I’ll try to find information from Starikov. I watched films about Trotsky on 365 and HISTORY. Respectfully
        2. 0
          29 November 2016 18: 02
          Quote: ignoto
          It is possible that the real prototype of Trotsky was Reinbot Anatoly Anatolyevich, major general of the tsarist army.

          How is this a real prototype? Indeed, it is known: Leiba Bronstein took the pseudonym Trotsky
      2. 0
        29 November 2016 21: 10
        as the famous Soviet historian A. Zimin said: “a bad person cannot be a good historian, because“ such a historian will always look for base motives in the actions of people of the past from his own experience. ”Old man cannot be considered a historian, an ordinary bloated fiction writer.
        1. 0
          29 November 2016 23: 10
          Quote: Rastas
          a bad person cannot be a good historian, because "such a historian will always seek from his own experience base motives in the actions of people of the past"

          It sounds very nice. In theory. That's just in practice, everything is somewhat simpler.
          A good historian knows how to analyze and find a connection between events and their causes, and in Starikov’s books this is all right.
          1. 0
            30 November 2016 00: 34
            The theories of Starikov are not exposed to evidence; moreover, he is not a historian.
            1. 0
              30 November 2016 19: 51
              Quote: Rastas
              Starikov's theories are not proof

              Apart from the fact that no one except him could clearly say, but who pays for all the revolutions?
  7. +2
    29 November 2016 10: 10
    the empire was blown up not social democrats and nationalists Well, well ... Socialist Kerensky is one of the leaders of the Progressive bloc (which included the Social Democrats). The Petrograd Soviet was led by the Social Democrats K. A. Gvozdev, B. O. Bogdanov (the Mensheviks, leaders of the Central Military-Industrial Complex), N. S. Chkheidze, M. I. Skobelev (deputies of the State Duma from the c-d faction), N. Yu. Kapelinsky, K. S. Grinevich (Shekhter) (c-d-internationalists), ND Sokolov (non-factional social Democrat), G. M. Erlikh (Bund) .. Georgian fighters very actively showed themselves in the days of February. So Samsonov again hit the sky with his finger.
    1. +1
      29 November 2016 14: 00
      Quote: ALEXEY VLADIMIROVICH
      The socialist Kerensky is one of the leaders of the Progressive bloc (which included the Social Democrats).
      ... and the most active "promoter" of the notorious Order No. 1, which killed the army.
      1. 0
        29 November 2016 18: 26
        Order No. 1 was prepared precisely by S. Semyon Klivansky and the non-faction Social Democrat, Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Petrosoviet N. D. Sokolov. Actively supported by the comrade of the Chairman of the Petrosoviet Menshevik, M. I. Skobelev
  8. +7
    29 November 2016 11: 11
    Thanks to A. Samsonov for recalling how Engels and Marx hated Russia.
    I would like to remind the readers of "VO" that for the first time in the documents of the Decembrists were found materials on the dismemberment of Russia into 15 independent states. That then turned into reality.
    E. Pugachev's security service also found documents in English about the conduct of military operations. He also had English advisers who disappeared in time. When Suvorov competently organized the rout of the "rebels". This is how the whole world loves us. I have the honor.
    1. +2
      29 November 2016 18: 10
      Midshipman, I’ll supplement you: the famous adventurer Princess Tarakanova wrote to the Turkish Sultan to help her glorious General Pugachev.
      About foreign advisers at Emelka Pugachev, I would like to read more. Tell me where?
  9. +1
    29 November 2016 11: 43
    Oh, beloved lovers' favorite pastime! How did the Germans organize a revolution or how did the British organize a revolution. It seems that no fingers are enough for exhaustion. What are you sucking from?
    1. +2
      29 November 2016 12: 28
      You confuse the white-loafers with the bakers, it’s illiterate to say so. It's like putting an equal sign between liberals and Black Hundreds. No fingers are enough .........
      In general, all your commentary is in the style of cheap Sovdepovsky Agitprop.
      1. +1
        29 November 2016 17: 25
        Quote: bober1982
        You are confusing belolentochnikov with crystal bakers, so to speak illiterate.

        laughing New Definitions in Political Science good good
        1. 0
          29 November 2016 17: 37
          So after all, from your vocabulary, I don’t need someone else’s fame. You are mistaken only in definitions, Engels had to be read.
          1. 0
            29 November 2016 17: 40
            From my?? belay Have you given an answer to my or whose comment? belay
            1. 0
              29 November 2016 17: 43
              Have you given an answer to my or whose comment?
              to Karl Marx's comment
              1. 0
                29 November 2016 17: 48
                Quote: bober1982
                to Karl Marx's comment

                Through a spiritualistic session? belay Or a session of exorcism obsessed with the spirit of Karl Marx? belay Che smoke, open the secret!
                1. 0
                  29 November 2016 17: 50
                  And your back is white. All the best to you.
                  1. 0
                    29 November 2016 17: 51
                    Have a nice one you too! hi
                    1. 0
                      29 November 2016 17: 56
                      Thank you, you are a good person, you simply embarrassed the flag, I thought which of these fellow comrades is rabid. I am becoming old, suspicious and suspicious. Good luck.
                      1. 0
                        29 November 2016 18: 03
                        Quote: bober1982
                        Thank you, you’re a good person, you’ve just embarrassed the flag, I thought which of these fellow comrades

                        Maybe from these laughing of comrades, not "masters" wink but not to fanaticism! Yes Okay, all the best to you, and good luck! hi
      2. 0
        29 November 2016 21: 33
        bober1982
        ... confusing the white-loafers with the bakers, illiterate to say so. It's like putting an equal sign between liberals and Black Hundreds ...
        ... in the style of the cheap Sovdep Agitprop ...

        Please specify to which group do you personally consider yourself? Think, take your time with the answer.

        The goals, methods and rhetoric of modern white-collar / white-migrants coincide - as in Ukraine. Like two gloves on the hands of one overseas gentleman.
        Destruction of monuments of the Soviet period (in Russia attempts),
        installation (or installation attempts) of monuments to Nazi criminals.
        Bandera, Shukhevych, Miller - in Ukraine,
        Mannerheim, Krasnov, Semenov - in Russia.
        Common terminology - "soviet", "Putin's regime", etc. - a tracing of the terminology of the Ukrainian-Baltic Nazis, Russian "oppositionists" and their Western curators.

        In all cases, the goal is the weakening and (or) destruction of Russia.
        1. 0
          30 November 2016 04: 57
          I consider myself to be Russian citizens, and this is what it is. It is not clear why you mentioned the former Ukrainian citizens. This is the very propaganda that I mentioned - impudent distortion of events, facts, throat, spells, howls,
          labeling, etc.
          1. 0
            30 November 2016 20: 22
            bober1982
            I consider myself a citizen of Russia, and I am one. It is not clear why you mentioned the former Ukrainian citizens ...

            If you are really a citizen of Russia, and not just a passport holder, then terms such as "Sovdepia", "Rashka", "Sovok" should be excluded from the lexicon.
            You will not begin to draw a swastika on the monument to Lenin, even if you do not like it.
            ... This is the very propaganda that I mentioned - the impudent distortion of events, facts, throat, spells, howls,
            labeling, etc.

            You see, it is quite possible to do without enemy terms, even if you are not able to refute the opponent’s statements. Thank you for understanding.
      3. +2
        30 November 2016 01: 09
        "Don't put your fingers and eggs in salt!" If you don't like cheap Agitprop, buy an expensive one.
    2. 0
      29 November 2016 23: 12
      Quote: bbss
      What are you sucking from?

      so who supported the revolutionaries and financed their activities?
      1. +1
        30 November 2016 01: 24
        Quote: Dart2027
        who contained the revolutionaries

        You have a lively example under your nose: domestic contemporaries such as Caspar-Kasyano-Germans and other riffraff. After all, they are actively contained. They don’t even need to twist their pockets. Why an example? And to the fact that there is no so-called. revolutionary situation. And all their efforts are in vain. Their names will either be forgotten or they will spit for a long time.
        Attempts to give the laurels of the organizer and creator of two revolutions in Russia to a certain Parvus are at least ridiculous and only foolish (or not too educated people) can take this nonsense at face value. He drove a maximum of money. By the way, not a single revolutionary party has ever disdained money. Starting with the bourgeois revolution in England. There were always foreign sponsors.
        1. +2
          30 November 2016 19: 53
          Quote: bbss
          And to the fact that there is no so-called. revolutionary situation

          I can tell about the revolutionary situation from personal experience - in the 90s the situation was, but the revolution did not smell. No revolution is possible without protection at the top, as it was in 1917. It was not the Bolsheviks who overthrew the Tsar.
  10. +1
    29 November 2016 15: 53
    Article +.
    "Adventurer, speculator, revolutionary and agent of several intelligence services A. Parvus (Israel Gelfand) ... concentratedly expressed the essence of the" Russian question "for the West - the need to" divide Russia into small states. " And - “It went well. Kuchno ". [quote = Wend] "And this is what the founders of the" religion "of the 1917 revolution wrote." Link to Engels's work. Good example. Contagious in a good way. Here is from Karl Marx's article 'On the Jewish Question'. Back in 1843 he wrote: “What is the worldly basis of Jewry? Practical need, self-interest. What is the secular cult of the Jew? Haggling. Who is his worldly god? Money". And further: - “Money is the jealous god of Israel, in whose face there should be no other god ... Money is the essence of his labor and his being alienated from man; and this alien entity commands man, and man worships it. The God of the Jews became worldly, became the world god. " "... money became the world power, and the practical spirit of Jewry became the practical spirit of the Christian nations." It is clear that he singled out the "Jewish question". After the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, the clan of Jewish usurer-bankers Rothschilds and other smaller Jewish-European bankers gained strength and power. Hence, as I understand it, the unacceptability of Judaism, the ideology of racial elite and the worship of the cult of money. The ideology of Protestantism and the Jewish cult of money was finally formed at the end of the last century into the racial theory of the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race. And this theory is needed by the ruling classes of capitalist bankers to explain and justify their right to rob, exploit and destroy everyone else. Not without the participation of the Jewish-Zionist banking capital, the birth of Nazism took place, which was simply delighted with such a convenient tool for redistribution and plunder of the world. Henry Ford at the beginning of the last century was forced to state - "Isolate the 50 richest Jews - and the wars will end." The strengthening and strengthening of Nazism occurs mainly with the money of Jewish bankers from the United States and England. I hate Judeo-Bandera, Judaism, Nazism, Fascism, Zionism-ideologies of the same root, not "dignity." "Russian danger", b ... db
  11. 0
    29 November 2016 16: 08
    Quote: Wend
    And these two characters were the founders of the doctrine of the Soviet state. And a lot of other interesting things. Taken from here http://maxpark.com/community/8/content/1273198

    Specific references to chapters of collected works?
  12. 0
    29 November 2016 17: 12
    In general, the version of events is presented correctly. I cannot agree only with allusions to the "Germanophilism" of the Empress and Rasputin. The war of the Russian monarchy with Germany and Austria-Hungary on the side of REPUBLICAN France and England seems to be historical absurdity and attempts to avoid such a war through Rasputin pursued quite patriotic goals. Moreover, the way out of such a war at any stage was in the interests of the Russian people, if it helped to avoid certain consequences, since the decomposition of the upper ranks of the Russian army took place, among other things, and even, first of all, thanks to the secret work of the Allied special services. The Russian generals (at least many prominent representatives) behaved treacherously, colluding with the "allies" who were Russia's worst enemies and betrayed these separatist generals during the Civil War in Russia, supporting the Bolsheviks, who were forced to sell resources and national wealth at a low price under the guise of preparing a world revolution.
    The role in the destruction of the Russian Empire (and others as well) of the financial circles of the United States, which prepared the war and profited from it, is not reflected. If before the war the United States owed Europe, then after the war Europe became dependent on the United States. So, in the conditions of the domination of Russia on the grain market of Europe, in the USA, starting from 1907, an unprecedented class of sea vessels - grain carriers - was being built at an accelerated pace. During the construction of these ships, for the first time, a mathematical apparatus was used, developed in Russia by a graduate of the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, a Russian engineer of Polish origin, - a method of network planning and management (SPM), which is now better known as "Gantt charts".
  13. The comment was deleted.
  14. +1
    29 November 2016 19: 50
    Parvus was an extremely talented shot, in the middle of the RYAV, out of the blue, organized a serious financial crisis, for which he received three years of exile, this is such a "curly" tsarism.
    Moreover, there is nothing to almond with all the torn!
    And the main thing is to solve your problems yourself, relying on your own strength!
  15. 0
    29 November 2016 22: 12
    Quote: Alexey RA
    As for Raskolnikov, on the one hand, he was responsible for the capture and withdrawal of the "death barge" on which the communists and those who sympathized with them were (the white barge planned to flood). And on the other hand, an ineptly planned and carried out operation in the Baltic, which ended with the capture of the Avtroil and Spartak EMs by the British (the future Lennuk and Vambola, the future Admiral Gissé and Almirante Villar) - together with Raskolnikov himself.

    Without justifying Raskolnikov, I want to draw your attention to the fact that the captains of both destroyers, after their transfer to the British, remained in their posts and continued to serve the Estonians faithfully, though not for long. Those. it was they who organized the delivery of the destroyers. Slow speed, "accidental" grounding - this is definitely not Raskolnikov.
    Description here
    http://nvo.ng.ru/history/2006-12-22/5_fiasko.html

    (thanks Sampsonian)
    The fate of the sailors who refused to serve the White Estonians was tragically
    ... In December 1918, 94 sailors from Spartak and 146 from Avtroil, who refused to serve the enemies, the British and Estonians were transported to the camp for them for barbed wire on the island of Neissar (formerly Nargen). There, on February 3-5, 1919, guards shot 35 unarmed prisoners.
    1. +2
      30 November 2016 10: 39
      Quote: Caretaker
      Without justifying Raskolnikov, I want to draw your attention to the fact that the captains of both destroyers, after their transfer to the British, remained in their posts and continued to serve the Estonians faithfully, though not for long. Those. it was they who organized the delivery of the destroyers. Slow speed, "accidental" grounding - this is definitely not Raskolnikov.

      The circumstances of the delivery of EM - this is a tactic. The operation was originally planned so that it could not end with anything good.
      Seeing the plan, the ranks of the headquarters immediately turned the members of the RVS to the following points. Azard is already in the port, it has no fuel supply at all. "Avtroil" has not yet completed the repair work, it takes at least a day, although I have assembled all the available work teams, about which I reported to Altvater: The tasks for the commanders of the cruiser and battleship have not yet been completed, the EM teams have no experience in firing, so when insisting on it is easier for a plan to confine itself to reconnaissance, if there is a reason at all to hurry up to an operation.
      © nachmorsi Zarubaev
      In Gangut there was a large article by uv. Mityukov's "The Odyssey of the Baltic EMs" - after the Estonian-Peruvian pair "Novikov". It described the entire mess that was going on and directly stated that the decision to divide his forces and shell Revel with the forces of one EM was made personally by Raskolnikov - in violation of the entire operation plan, which provided for joint actions of EM.
      Early in the morning, he raised his pennant on the destroyer Spartak (commander N.Ya. Pavlinov) and went to sea with the battleship Andrei the First-Called. The icebreaker brought them from Kronstadt to clean water, and in the area of ​​the Shepelevsky lighthouse, having parted with the battleship, Spartak set off on his own alone: ​​Oleg and Azard were already at sea. By this time, the first deviation from the plan was outlined: Avtroil (commander of the VA. Nikolaev), having just returned to Petrograd, as a result of swimming in the ice, suffered serious damage to cars and could not get out immediately. He was supposed to join the squad at sea.
      As soon as Spartak caught up with Oleg and Azard, the semaphore arrived from the last one, that it runs out of fuel, and the commander was asked for permission to return to Kronstadt. Thus, only one destroyer was available instead of three! Therefore F.F. Raskolnikov informed the Baltic Fleet command that the operation was postponed for 24 hours. But on the same day, shortly before sunset, “Spartak” and “Oleg” met the Panther boat (commander A.N. Bakhtin), which had left for reconnaissance in Revel Bay on December 23. At about 19 p.m. on December 24, she surfaced on the Ekaterinentsky lighthouse. But by this time it was already dark, a storm began with a blizzard, and the icy Panther turned back. At 16 hours she moored to Spartak, and the commander personally reported to Fedor Fedorovich about the results of the campaign.
      With the onset of darkness, ships approached Fr. Hogland, examined his bays, and not finding anything suspicious there until the morning they anchored off the east coast. It was assumed that at night or in the morning they will be joined by Avtroil.
      However, in the morning from Kronstadt, to top off all the troubles, an encryption came that the ship was not even ready to leave. F.F. Raskolnikov realized that the destroyer was unlikely to join the squad the next day, and at 7 a.m. on December 26 he telegraphed: “I'm going to shell Revel. You should be ready for support. Raskolnikov. "

      As a result, the British, first with a pair of KRL and three EMs, drove a lonely "Spartak", and then - "Avtroil".
  16. 0
    3 February 2018 15: 47
    I set goals at the beginning of the year. But I did not know how to implement them until I found this article: http://streethacker.ru/motivatsiya/kak-realizovyv
    at-svoi-tseli.html
    Found a lot of useful and practical information))
    I recommend to all)))

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