The current state of the air defense of the countries of the former Soviet Union republics. Part 8

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Kazakhstan



In Soviet times, the Kazakh SSR held a special place in ensuring the defense capability of the Soviet Union. On the territory of the republic were located several of the largest polygons and test centers. In addition to the well-known Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and the Baikonur cosmodrome, an important role was played by the Sary-Shagan test site. It was the first and only ground in Eurasia for the development and testing of anti-missile weapons. In the era of the USSR, the official name of the test site is the State Research and Testing Test Site No. 10 of the USSR Ministry of Defense. The landfill occupied an area of ​​81 200 km², which was about 20% of the territory of the republic. In addition to antimissile weapons, active tests of air defense systems were conducted here. In total, the following were tested at the Sary-Shagan test site: 12 air defense missile systems, 12 types of missiles, 18 radar systems.

The current state of the air defense of the countries of the former Soviet Union republics. Part 8


At Cape Gulshat, on the shores of Lake Balkhash, several radar missile attack warning systems were built. The first station "Dnepr", commissioned in May 1974 of the year (OS-2 node), until recently was in combat duty as part of the Space Forces of the Russian Federation, providing control of the missile-prone areas from Pakistan, the western and central parts of the PRC, covers India and part of the Indian Ocean. However, despite repeated upgrades, this radar is worn out, outdated and is very expensive to operate. The developer of the stations "Dnepr" Radio Engineering Institute named after Academician A.L. Mintsa (RTI), who was also engaged in modernization and technical support throughout the entire life cycle, said that these over-the-horizon radar radar stations of this type for more than 40 years of service are hopelessly outdated and have fully developed their resources. Investing in their repair and modernization is an absolutely unpromising occupation, and building a new modern station with better performance and lower operating costs will be much more rational.

In 1984, construction of a Daryal-U radar began in the area. By 1991, the station was able to bring to the stage of production tests. But in 1992, all work was frozen due to lack of funding. In 1994, the radar was shut down, and in January, 2003 was transferred to independent Kazakhstan. The facility was guarded by the forces of the newly created Republican Guard, while the “guard” was accompanied by a total plundering of equipment. 17 September 2004 of the year as a result of a deliberate arson of the receiving position a fire occurred that destroyed all the hardware of the station. In 2010, the building collapsed during unauthorized dismantling.

In 2016, the modernization of the 5H16E Neman-P radar complex should be completed at the Sary-Shagan test site. The modernization is aimed at expanding information capabilities and increasing the boundaries of the station, extending the life of the station and increasing its operational reliability.


RLK 5H16E "Neman - P"


This RLK was tested in the 1980 year, and from 1981 to 1991, the radar was used in measurements in more than 300 ballistic missile launches when testing domestic warheads and missile defense systems. A powerful transmitting active phased antenna array (AFAR) is used in the Neman - P RLC. It provides a wide frequency band of the emitted signals, which is crucial for signal measurements and the implementation of radio vision. The switching time of the beam to any angular direction within the sector of the review is in units of microseconds, which provides simultaneous detection and tracking of a large number of targets. RLK "Neman-P" in its technical and design and technological solutions is still a unique radar tool with information capabilities. It provides the entire spectrum of characteristics of the observed objects necessary both for evaluating the effectiveness of promising means of overcoming missile defense, and for working out methods and algorithms for selecting combat units of ballistic missiles in different parts of their flight path.

Taking into account the military equipment stored in the steppe expanses, Kazakhstan received a huge amount of various weapons, spare parts and ammunition. The military legacy of the Soviet Army turned out to be very impressive, and nominally Kazakhstan became the third military power in the post-Soviet space after Russia and Ukraine. Only fighters capable of performing air defense tasks got about 200 units. Of course, the relatively small national army of Kazakhstan was not able to master all this wealth, much of the equipment and weapons were sold for next to nothing or became unusable.


The layout of the liquidated positions ZRK on the territory of the Kazakh SSR

However, the Kazakh authorities reacted more diligently to a part of the Soviet legacy. During Soviet times, the 37 corps of air defense (from the 12 separate army of air defense) and the 56 corps of air defense (from 14 of a separate air defense army) from the 37 corps of air defense in Kazakhstan provided anti-aircraft defense in this direction. deployed: management 33-th Air defense division, 87-I anti-aircraft missile brigade (Alma-Ata), 145-Guards Orsha Red Banner, Order of Suvorov anti-aircraft missile brigade, 132-I anti-aircraft missile brigade, 60-I 133- I radio brigades, 41 th radio engineering regiment. From the 56 Air Defense Corps: 374 th anti-aircraft missile regiment, 420 th anti-aircraft missile regiment, 769 th anti-aircraft missile regiment, 770 th anti-aircraft missile regiment.

In addition to anti-aircraft missile and radio engineering units, air defense fighter regiments were deployed in Kazakhstan: the 715th IAP in Lugovoi (MiG-23ML) and the 356th IAP in Zhaneysmey (MiG-31). In addition to the USSR Air Defense Forces, units of the 73rd Air Army were assigned to the Armed Forces of the Republic. Including: 905th Fighter aviation the regiment - on the MiG-23MLD in Taldy-Kurgan, the 27th Guards Vyborg Red Banner Aviation Regiment - on the MiG-21 and MiG-23 in Ucharal, the 715th training aviation regiment - on the MiG-29 in Lugovoi. In compensation for the Tu-95MS heavy strategic missile carriers that left the Dolon air base in Dolon 79 of the 29th heavy bomber air division, Kazakhstan received MiG-27 and Su-21 fighters from Russia. Of the Russian Air Force 29 MiG-1995 received in 1996-14, 27 Su-1999S received in 2001-XNUMX.


MiG-29 Air Force Forces of Kazakhstan


1 June 1998 was formed in Kazakhstan by the Air Defense Forces (SVO), which united the Air Force and the Air Defense Forces. The basis of the SVO fighter fleet consists of airplanes built in the USSR. According to the Military Balance 2016, in Kazakhstan there are more than 70 fighters capable of intercepting air targets. Including a little more than 20 MiG-29 (including MiG-29UB), near 40 Su-27 of various modifications, 4 Su-30СМ, more 25 interceptors MiG-31. The fighters are based on seven air bases scattered throughout the republic, some of which are “in storage”. It is not known for certain how many aircraft are in flight condition, but in the past, Kazakh fighters underwent repairs and upgrades in other CIS countries.


Su-27UBM2 NWO Kazakhstan


Thus, in 2007, a contract was signed with Belarus for the repair and partial modernization of the Su-27 and Su-27UB to the version of Su-27М2 and Su-27UBM2. Work on the repair and modernization of fighters were carried out at the Belarusian aircraft repair plant in the city of Baranavichy. Under the terms of the contract, the Belarusian side was supposed to repair ten cars. The first modernized fighters were transferred to Kazakhstan in December 2009 of the year, after which they became part of the Barca Zhetis squadron of the 604 airbase in Taldy-Kurgan. During the modernization, the fighters were equipped with the Belarusian jamming complex, as well as the Lightning-3 container targeting system manufactured by the Israeli company Rafael.

In addition, the upgraded fighters received new communications equipment with the ability to transmit information about ground and air targets to other aircraft of the group, as well as ground stations and control centers. The range of guided weapons has expanded, it is now possible to use air-to-surface aviation munitions: X-25ML, X-29T, X-29L, X-31А and X-31Р missiles. Su-27UBM2 can also carry laser-guided aerial bombs KAB-500L and KAB-1500L. In early February, 2015 became aware of a contract for the supply of 4's Su-30CM. It is believed that Su-30CM will be the “first signs” in the process of updating the fighter fleet of Kazakhstan. It is believed that the whole of Kazakhstan requires more than 40 heavy fighter jets.

A phased overhaul and modernization of the heavy interceptors MiG-31 SVO of Kazakhstan is planned. Part of the aircraft was overhauled and modernized in Russia at the 514 aircraft repair plant in Rzhev. Interceptors MiG-31B, MiG-31BSM and MiG-31ДЗ are deployed at the 610-th air base near Karaganda. In the flying state is approximately 20 aircraft.


Satellite image of Google Earth: MiG-31 and MiG-29 610 air fighters near Karaganda

Today, the MiG-31 is in service only in Russia and Kazakhstan. In the late 80-x in the USSR was developed MiG-XNUMHD. This aircraft was intended to destroy the orbital stations and the enemy's satellite. In 31, after completing the flight test design phase, two vehicles were relocated to undergo further tests at the Sary-Shagan test site on the western shore of Lake Balkhash, where all new Soviet missile defense systems and missile defense systems were traditionally tested. At the end of 1990, the Soviet Union ceased to exist, and both the MiG-1991D remained in the territory of the sovereign Republic of Kazakhstan. But Kazakhstan of this class was not needed, soon the MiG-31D were chained to the ground. At the beginning of the 31-s MiG-XNUMHD were preserved in one of the hangars of the airfield of the Sary-Shagan test site near the town of Priozersk.

In 2003, after the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan Danial Akhmetov visited the test site, information appeared about the intention to convert the mothballed MiG-31D into small spacecraft carriers. The project of a promising airborne missile complex "Ishim", intended for the operational launch into orbit of small artificial satellites using a launch vehicle launched from the MiG-31 aircraft, was developed by the Kazakh company "Kazkosmos". However, these plans were not destined to come true. In independent Kazakhstan, there were no funds for the project, despite the fact that R & D MiG and the Moscow Institute of Thermal Engineering were ready to undertake research and development work.

In general, the level of training of pilots of the North-Eastern Military District of Kazakhstan is at a fairly high level. According to the results of joint exercises, it is believed that Kazakhstan pilots are among the best among the CIS countries. The average flight time per fighter pilot in Kazakhstan is 100-150 hours. This is partly due to the small fleet of combat aircraft. For the state with an area of ​​2 724 902 km², which ranks ninth in the world in terms of territory, this number of fighters is clearly not enough. It should also be borne in mind that most of the Kazakh warplanes were built in the USSR, and their life cycle is nearing completion.

The only real supplier of modern fighters for the Kazakh Air Force was and remains Russia. But the financial capabilities of the republic do not allow large-scale purchases of aviation equipment “for real money”, so the leadership of Kazakhstan will have to continue to negotiate deliveries on concessional terms. Thus, once again, the inviolability of the air borders of Kazakhstan will be paid by the Russian taxpayer. But in this case, Russia, supplying weapons on credit or even free of charge, wins in geopolitical interests, leaving the largest country in Central Asia in the zone of influence and among its allies. After all, otherwise Russia and China will inevitably take the place of Russia. Already, Kazakhstan is actively engaged in military-technical cooperation with the Republic of Korea, Turkey, Israel, France and the United States.

The airspace of the republic is monitored, interceptors are guided and target designation of the air defense system is carried out by three dozen radar stations where Soviet stations are mainly operated: П-18, 5Н84, П-37, 5НХNUMX. At the time of the collapse of the USSR, there were the most modern stations at that time in the mountainous regions and at the Sary-Shagan proving ground, including Periscope-X 59X5 75D35 (CT-6UM) and 68Х22М Desna-M. However, remaining in Kazakhstan, the newest radar stations soon turned out to be inoperable.



Physical deterioration and non-compliance with modern requirements on the criteria of reliability and noise immunity and lack of spare parts forced Kazakhstan to begin work on the modernization of Soviet radar standby 5H84 and P-18. The necessary technical and personnel base in the republic was available. Back in 1976, the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in Alma-Ata created the production and technical enterprise Granit of the USSR Ministry of Radio Industry. In the period from 1976 to 1992, the Granit APTP as the head of the installation organization provided installation, configuration, docking, state testing and maintenance of test and missile defense systems and missile attack prevention systems at the Sary-Shagan test site. ". And also participated in state tests and subsequent upgrades of long-range air defense systems С-300ПТ / ПС / ПМ. On the basis of the meter range P-18 radar, by the specialists of the special design and technology bureau Granit, a variant of upgrading the P-18 radar with improved tactical and technical characteristics and an extended operational resource was developed. In 2007, the company successfully upgraded the first two sets of radar stations П-18М with the transfer of radio equipment to a new element base. In 2007 - 2013, the X-NUMX Radar P-27М was upgraded on the basis of sets of radio-electronic equipment designed and manufactured by Granit. As a result of the upgrade, the following was achieved: an increase in the detection range by 18%; the electrovacuum element base was transferred to a solid-state one, the time between failures was increased many times, the power supply units were replaced; simplicity of operation with automated diagnostics is provided, the operational life of radars is extended by 10 years. In addition, SKTB Granit is working to create its own automation systems and equip them with air defense command posts.

In addition to the modernization of the old Soviet stations, the Granita team was tasked with developing a modern centimeter-sized 3 coordinate radar based on a foreign station. As prototypes were considered radars made in France, Israel and Spain. As a result, it was decided to stop at the Ground Master 400 (GM400) radar from ThalesRaytheonSystems, a joint venture of the French group Thales and the American Raytheon Corporation. 22 on May 2014 of the year at the KADEX-2014 defense exhibition in the capital of Kazakhstan, Astana, with representatives of Thales Raytheon Systems, a memorandum of understanding was signed providing for the supply of 20 radars TRS GM400 for NWO Kazakhstan. To establish the TRS GM400 licensed assembly, the Granit-Thales Electronics joint venture was created in July 2012 of the year, and in September of the 2012 of the year the Agreement was signed on the transfer of technology from Thales to the Granit joint-venture Thales Electronics. In Kazakhstan, the TRS GM400 station installed on the chassis of the KamAZ vehicle was designated “NUR”. However, it is not clear how the western-made stations will be integrated into the Joint Air Defense System of the CIS Member States.


Radar "NUR" in the exhibition KADEX-2014


The ground component of the air defense forces of Kazakhstan is a very interesting structure in terms of equipment and weapons. Kazakhstan is one of the few post-Soviet republics where the first-generation anti-aircraft missile systems with liquid rockets are in service. However, the preservation in the ranks of the air defense missile system, whose age is 30-40 years, is a strictly necessary measure. In Kazakhstan, which has a significant territory, unlike Russia, there is no possibility to independently develop and build modern anti-aircraft systems, and there is no money to buy new ones.


The layout of the air defense system and radar on the territory of Kazakhstan as of 2013 year. Blue pieces - radar stations of the standby radar, colored triangles - ZRK positions, squares - garrisons and ZRK storage sites

It is known that the massive write-off of the C-75 and C-200 SAMs in the air defense forces of the former Soviet republics was primarily associated with the high cost of operation and the need for time-consuming and dangerous refueling of missiles with toxic liquid fuel and aggressive volatile oxidizer. At the same time, the resource of the majority of the decommissioned complexes was still very significant, and the combat characteristics were at a high enough level. So now, in terms of the range and altitude of aerial targets, the C-200В / D air defense systems have no equal in the CIS. During Soviet times, a very significant number of anti-aircraft missiles and spare parts remained in warehouses and an air defense range in Kazakhstan, without which it would be absolutely unrealistic to keep the C-75М3 and C-200ВМ on combat duty. In addition, unlike other Central Asian republics, the leadership of Kazakhstan did not pursue an explicit nationalistic policy of squeezing Russian-speaking personnel from the ranks of the national armed forces, which certainly had a positive effect on the level of combat readiness of the armed forces.

Until 2014, in the vicinity of the town of Ayagoz, the battery of the troop air defense system “Krug” carried combat duty. Kazakhstan got at least one regimental set of this complex. Now, the Krug air defense system appears to be non-operational, in any case, the launchers, guidance stations and the P-40 radar are no longer in positions. In addition to mobile air defense systems "Circle", a certain amount of air defense systems "Cube" was inherited from the air defense of the Soviet Army Ground Forces. Although the reference books indicate that they are still in service with weapons in Kazakhstan, writing them off is a matter of the near future. In addition to the medium-range "Cube" and "Circle" in the armed forces of Kazakhstan, there are about 50 SAM systems "Osa-AK / AKM", "Strela-10", 70 ZSU-23-4 "Shilka", as well as several hundred anti-aircraft guns : 100-mm КС-19, 57-mm С-60, paired 23-mm ЗУ-23 and more 300 ПЗРК. A significant part of the mobile near-field air defense missile systems and the ZSU is faulty and needs factory repair, while the 100 and 57-mm anti-aircraft guns are “in storage”.

So far, Kazakhstan has deployed S-75М3 SAMs. In 2015, it was aware of three combat-ready anti-aircraft missile divisions armed with C-75М3. The position of one zone is located west of Karaganda, the second - southeast of Serebryansk, the third - in the vicinity of Almaty. A few more “seventy-fifth” complexes are in storage.


Satellite image of Google Earth: position С-75М3 southeast of Serebryansk


As of 2016 year, four C-200ВМ SAM systems are in a relatively operational state. As in the case of C-75М3, maintaining C-200ВМ in operation requires heroic efforts from calculations. The elemental base of the hardware of the first-generation Soviet air defense missile systems was mainly built on electronic vacuum devices. To set up and maintain the electronic equipment of the SNR and the ROC require specialists with high qualifications and experience. In contrast to the "seventy-fives", at least two missiles are located on the launchers of the "two hundred". Of the 6, the PU is usually charged no more than the 2-3, which is associated with a deficit of serviceable missiles.


Satellite image of Google Earth: S-200ВМ air defense missile system in the position of Aktau's trap


In addition to medium-range and long-range air defense systems with liquid missiles, Kazakhstan has about 30 C-125 air defense systems of various modifications (part in storage). The 18 low-altitude SAM system was upgraded in Belarus to the PECHORA-125TM C-2 level. According to the representatives of the developer of NPO Tetrahedr, the efficiency and reliability of the modernized complex has increased significantly. He is able to fight with modern and promising means of air attack in a complex noise situation. LAW C-125-2TM "PECHORA-2TM" provides effective destruction of low-flying and small-sized targets under the influence of all types of radio interference. In exceptional cases, the air defense system can be used to destroy the observed ground and surface targets. The warranty period of the air defense system after the upgrade is extended by 15 years. The C-125-2TM PECHORA-2TM anti-aircraft division includes the upgraded P-18T radar detection system (TRS-2D).


Satellite image of Google Earth: C-125 air defense missile system on the position of Aktau


The core of the air defense missile troops of the air defense forces of Kazakhstan are the Z-300PS. A certain number of C-300PS divisions were inherited from Kazakhstan by the Soviet air defense. To maintain the existing air defense systems in working condition starting from 2007, the repair of C-300PS elements has been carried out in Ukraine and at its own enterprise, Granit.


Google Earth satellite image: C-300PS air defense systems at a position northeast of Almaty

As of 2015, five C-300PS divisions were in combat duty in Kazakhstan. Due to the lack of air-conditioned missiles in positions was a reduced number of launchers. In 2015, there was information about the transfer of five C-300PS and 170 SAM 5В55РМ to Kazakhstan from the presence of the RF CGS. The supply of anti-aircraft systems is carried out in the framework of military-technical cooperation and the construction of a joint air defense system. Before putting C-300PS on combat duty in Kazakhstan, anti-aircraft systems must undergo reconditioning, which will extend their life for another 5 years. However, the supply of used C-300PS is only a temporary measure and will not significantly enhance the capabilities of the Combined Air Defense System. Moreover, the 5B55PM SAM is supplied in a very limited quantity. The production of the 5B55P family of SAMs was completed more than 10 years ago, and most of the missiles of this type are operated outside the warranty period, which may affect the probability of hitting the target and the reliability of the anti-aircraft system as a whole.

In the recent past, Kazakhstan intended to buy modern medium-range and short-range air defense systems from Russia: Buk-М2E, Tor-М2Е, Pantsir-С1 and the newest C-400 "Triumph" air defense systems in domestic Russian prices. However, the financial capacity of Astana did not allow to implement these plans. At the beginning of 2008, Kazakhstan conducted negotiations with NPO Antey on the acquisition of C-300PMU2 air defense systems. However, the agreement was not concluded. The economic crisis did not allow Astana to allocate funds for the acquisition of the Favorites. At the same time, the cost of one C-300PMU 2 is about $ 150 million. Instead, in 2009, the parties agreed to supply the C-300PS from the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation free of charge. These anti-aircraft systems, built 25-30 years ago, are released in ZRV VKS RF after replacing them with C-400.

As for the supply of modern C-400 to Kazakhstan, they are still being postponed indefinitely. In essence, this means that there is no talk yet of a significant strengthening of the air defense potential of the armed forces of Kazakhstan. The anti-aircraft systems received from Russia will most likely replace the old complexes to be written off in their positions. But this is also a temporary measure, since the C-300PS glaring resource is also limited and amounts to 5-7 years.

Under these conditions, the leadership of Kazakhstan will inevitably have to develop military-technical cooperation with the Russian Federation in order to strengthen air defense, which will require an additional improvement in joint allied relations. At the moment, the air defense of Kazakhstan has a pronounced local focal character and is unable to independently withstand large-scale aggression using modern combat aircraft, drones and cruise missiles. To fully cover defense facilities and vital administrative and industrial centers, Kazakhstan, taking into account the vast territory and long external borders, needs at least three times more fighters and five times more air defense systems and air defense systems of medium and long range. Since the capabilities of air defense systems and air defense interceptors of Kazakhstan, when they are included in a single air defense system with the Russian Aerospace Forces, are currently low, much more interesting for ensuring the defense capability of the Russian Federation is the deployment of modern surveillance radars along the external borders of the republic, tied into a single CIS air defense information field. This will reduce the reaction time and push back the lines of interception of the means of air attack of "potential partners".

To be continued ...

Based on:
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/centralasia/kazak-af-modernization.htm
https://lenta.ru/news/2010/06/29/su27ubm2/
http://news.ivest.kz/60993447-iz-granita-v-kazahstane-smasterili-pervyy-otechestvennyy-radiolokator
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  1. +7
    24 October 2016 15: 03
    The author writes that the area of ​​the Republic of Kazakhstan is 2,7 million square meters. km and at the same time look at the square of Sary-Shagan: so that he could not occupy 20% of the territory. All military training grounds occupied about 17% of the area of ​​the Republic of Kazakhstan (it must be added that they were also in chemical and bacterial weapons).
    Su-27 came for other matters (the first three with Russian pilots came in exchange for Baikonur’s rent in 99 for 98), and not in exchange for Tu-95. Although I must say that only 01 knows what has changed. But the MiG-31 just could and replace the Tu-95.
    As for finance, the author got excited and the fact that the Republic of Kazakhstan will fall on the "shoulders of Russian taxpayers" too. lol . The Su-30SM did not come for free (somewhere they wrote that there were 7 more in production) - but before they bought used ones. This year, the MINISTRY of MILITARY and AEROSPACE INDUSTRY of the Republic of Kazakhstan was created. Of course, as long as it causes a smile; but I must say that this topic will have a budget and I hope that there will be some sense. In general, until recently, the ministries have been greatly reduced, to 14 (see how many in the Russian Federation); and then a new one, and even with that name.
    The author should know that there is a document which says that the CSTO countries are buying weapons at domestic prices. And it has been ratified in the State Duma.
    It should also be noted that Kazakhstan has good relations with its neighbors everywhere, and the same Uzbekistan is "puzzled by militaristic attitudes" in Kazakhstan. The Russian Federation and the PRC are asked to keep the MiG-31 away from the borders - so it flies from Karaganda to the Caspian Sea along the same route.
    Thank you for the article. I agree that the RK at such a moment suspended some purchase plans, but judging by the gold reserves - more per capita in the CIS (gold at 250 tons) - then ... NAS on the Defender of the Fatherland Day (May 7) said that 70 % of all military equipment underwent modernization and repair and ... announced that they will now upgrade to 70-100%. And judging by the article ... And whom to believe?
    1. +3
      24 October 2016 17: 28
      The MiG-31 regiment was based in Semipalatinsk, with the union yet! About 44 pieces. Pieces 10 in storage also in Semey.
      1. +3
        24 October 2016 20: 50
        Ka-50 at the time of the collapse of the USSR were also in the Republic of Kazakhstan. So what? Did we have pilots? And how did they get tested in the Caucasus, in Chechnya? hi
    2. +4
      25 October 2016 02: 19
      Quote: Kasym
      The author writes that the area of ​​the RK 2,7 million square meters. km and at the same time, see the Sary-Shagan square: so that it could not occupy 20% of the territory.

      Perhaps with the publication of the total area of ​​test sites?
      1. +3
        27 October 2016 16: 54
        Good day, Olga! Yes, it's okay, just the author did not pay attention. And I knew that all Soviet test sites occupied 17% of the entire area of ​​the Republic of Kazakhstan, so I immediately noticed: The Semipalatinsk nuclear test site - that was the real monster in area. There, after all, the exclusion zone is simply huge.
        The author is just fine - he shoveled a very large amount of information, it takes a lot of perseverance and patience. Therefore, all my "corrections" are trifles compared to what Sergei did. Thank you very much. hi
  2. +8
    24 October 2016 15: 05
    Kazakhstan’s leadership will inevitably have to develop military-technical cooperation with the Russian Federation to strengthen air defense, which will require additional improvement in joint allied relations

    Why then the software for the ACS of the Air Defense Forces was purchased at Beltexexport for $ 20 million at the time when Russia offered a similar software package, but with much greater functionality for free! (in accordance with the sin on the MTC CSTO).
    The next "strange" step was the acquisition of a French radar for the price of 3 Russian ones with similar characteristics. And, of course, communication and control facilities, among which there are not and are not planned to acquire a single Russian radio station, i.e. interaction with the closest ally in repelling aggression is assumed only through an open, unprotected communication channel.
    Strange as it may seem, but it turns out that the agreement on military-technical cooperation between the CSTO countries greatly hinders high-ranking officials from developing this cooperation. The fact is that it provides for the supply of military equipment at the domestic prices of the Russian Federation and the military representatives strictly monitor that enterprises do not increase the price. In such conditions, neither Russian officials, nor Kazakhstani officials manage to set kickbacks from contracts. Therefore, in Kazakhstan, they will continue to buy Israeli and Western weapons. It is simply not profitable for corrupt officials to develop military-technical cooperation with Russia.
    1. +8
      24 October 2016 15: 23
      This agreement entered into force at the end of 2014 - and the Su-30SM were immediately purchased - at about the same time. We do not have Western-made "strike weapons". And I must say ... they steal like everywhere else. Old min. defense and ex-prime minister imprisoned for 10 years - it means they steal, since the minister is imprisoned hi
  3. +5
    24 October 2016 15: 59
    Quote: Kasym
    The author writes that the area of ​​the RK 2,7 million square meters. km and at the same time, see the Sary-Shagan square: so that it could not occupy 20% of the territory.

    Dauren, this area was determined based on the reference data of the territory of Kazakhstan and the Sary-Shagan test site. I admit that somewhere a mistake crept in.
    Quote: Kasym
    Su-27 came for other matters (the first three with Russian pilots came in exchange for Baikonur’s rent in 99 for 98), and not in exchange for Tu-95. Although I must say that only 01 knows what has changed. But the MiG-31 just could and replace the Tu-95.

    Several sources feature precisely such information. MiG-31 were in Kazakhstan at the time of the collapse of the USSR, as discussed in the publication.
    Quote: Kasym
    Su-Xnumxcm not come for free

    And I did not state this in the publication.
    Quote: Kasym
    As for finance, the author got excited and the fact that the Republic of Kazakhstan will fall on the "shoulders of Russian taxpayers" too.

    As practice shows, most likely it will be so ... it will largely lie. Financing a full-fledged air defense system will simply not be sufficient for the budget of Kazakhstan. One way or another, several S-300PS air defense systems were handed over for free ... although they could probably have been "shamanized" and sold.
    Quote: Kasym
    NAS on the Defender of the Fatherland Day (7May) said that 70% of all military equipment went through modernization and repair and ... announced that UPDATE will now go to 70-100%. And judging by the article ... And whom to believe?

    Ours also said a lot of things ...
    1. +5
      24 October 2016 18: 45
      We showed the arrival of the Su-27 in our box and for what reason appeared - you still do not know what condition they were in. MiG-31: I know who was close to this topic and why this particular plane, and not the Su-27 (there were 44 of them, and they were part of the country's air defense - they were given a large role due to the lack of air defense systems, some crashed , and 2 ...). We had MiG-25 reconnaissance.
      We have "got into operation" BMPT Terminators, but you do not. We were the first to have the BTR-80A with 30mm. gun when you have not thought about it. This should speak about something - the government cannot be said to save on technology. That Baikal was adapted for a new armored personnel carrier, you do not have it on any car yet. The plant in Semsk was equipped and the issue of repairing the BTT was removed. You didn’t notice that I was focusing on the neighbors. Everyone is friendly. We have more of this BTT than the entire Central Asia combined. We agreed with the PRC to withdraw troops by 100 km. from the borders. Therefore, the government is in no hurry.
      And also many in the Russian Federation forget about the transfer of nuclear weapons with carriers. Once again, I want to note that only GDP and NAS know what they changed. Moreover, statements about the S-300 came from ... 98 years. I understand that that one S-400 complex costs under a billion, but with gold reserves under 100 billion. this is not a hindrance (and they are growing despite the energy prices). Here the neighbors may have questions - here the PRC will set up for itself and ... then we will have - there is such a conviction. I can also assume that the update will go primarily to the Air Force and Air Defense. Let's get a look. You will now take the MiG-35 into the troops, after the state and army - a year will not pass as our people sign a contract under it - there is such a conviction, unless there is a queue in the form of a mega-contract with India or some other cool customer will appear. hi
      Torahs will definitely be.
      I can assume that there weren't even pilots on the MiG-31, tk. on the "simpler" Su-27, the pilots were initially from the Russian Federation.
      1. +5
        24 October 2016 19: 00
        The First Defense Minister once said. “I had the whole army - this is a company of the guard of honor for meeting guests and the Horde. wink
        MiG-29s in Lugovoye were mostly sold - they are from the "first series" (9-12 in my opinion).
        1. +2
          24 October 2016 19: 16
          If we recall the new BTR plant (120 units a year - obviously more for its army), optics (including night vision) in Astana, a cartridge case with Canadians (construction began at the beginning of the year) - no, it cannot be said that the government is saving on armament and the army, especially with the creation of this ministry. hi
        2. +2
          25 October 2016 07: 08
          Quote: Kasym
          MiG-29s in Lugovoye were mostly sold - they are from the "first series" (9-12 in my opinion).

          At the end of the 90s, MiG-25PDS were sold to Azerbaijan from among those "in storage" in Kazakhstan.
      2. +3
        25 October 2016 02: 58
        And also many in the Russian Federation forget about the transfer of nuclear weapons with carriers. - and where would the Kazakhs give nuclear weapons anyway
        1. +3
          27 October 2016 17: 22
          It was about the Chinese, with whom we historically had not very good moods.
          If you want to know the history of the issue of transferring nuclear weapons to the Russian Federation, then you should watch the film "This is how the stars formed.
          We did not have pilots, pvoshniks, sailors, etc. "Horde" ... But times are changing, and for example, at that Taldy-Kurgan airfield, the number of pilots flying became more than 150 hours a year. Over the past 4 years, they have been upgraded to the MiG-31 squadron. From 99g. Su-27s appeared, which were not in the ROK at all. The delivery of the Mi-35 will begin now - we have very few drums left, all from the Soviet times. Mi-8 (17) took new ones, but many more old ones.
          Here is another example of good relations m / y by our countries. The first contract for the T-90 in India. T-72 cases came from the Republic of Kazakhstan (300 units). There were 12 thousand units at that Semsky plant. BTT. Only 4 tanks were in storage (T-000) - even half of that. Here they are being upgraded to the troops, where on paper another 72,62 T-980 tanks. There is a decision on the Terminator - we agreed with UVZ from our buildings. There is an agreement with UVZ to upgrade to T-72 at our plant. But it must be assumed that this is after Armata goes.
          Well, I wanted to pay attention to the Army Games - 2016. Our second (two gold, one Chinese). And for participation, we are practicing in all disciplines (-2). Next year we will accept 5 types of AI-2017 in the Republic of Kazakhstan. By the way, we bring the landfills in order - Shoigu liked our training ground this year. On the trail. We’ll bring a couple more years in order for these matters. Well, since we receive guests, then ... this is also an indicator, which especially rules. does not save on the army. From the last reshuffle: The Minister of Defense recently became the first deputy. Prime Minister, Prime Minister became head of the KNB (KGB). This is also a new Ministry - everyone says that they have taken up security. hi
  4. +5
    24 October 2016 15: 59
    Sergei! I read it with interest. Maybe not the topic, but on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan there was another training ground: Emba-5. Where tests and testing of army defense systems were conducted.
  5. +1
    24 October 2016 16: 18
    The eighth photo was taken at the former Emba-5 training ground. For some reason the author did not mention it at all ...
  6. +7
    24 October 2016 17: 21
    "At the moment, the air defense of Kazakhstan has a pronounced local focal character and is incapable of independently resisting large-scale aggression with the use of modern combat aircraft, drones and cruise missiles."

    I know another country where air defense is of a "pronounced focal character". wink Moreover, the correlation method in Kazakhstan is clearly traced with this country: a large territory, zonal air defense, per capita income and the localization of vital facilities in individual centers.
  7. +5
    24 October 2016 17: 36
    We have enough of such air defense, more - it’s expensive and people can’t put the stock under arms, the main thing is repair, modernization and updating! Well, even on the radar control kanesha need to invest. We’ll do everything slowly, there’s nowhere to rush, we don’t have a big enemy yet.
    If the current is not Polite Donbass! But I think such insidiousness will not reach the point.
    1. +4
      24 October 2016 17: 45
      Quote: Talgat 148
      If the current is not Polite Donbass! But I think such insidiousness will not reach the point.

      I wanted to put a plus, until the face of the table. And then .. and then srach. So I’m silent, kindle and without me there is someone. Yes
      1. 0
        24 October 2016 20: 35
        Not srach, but to hell that you can wait tomorrow! I won’t believe anyone already ...
        After what happens ....
        1. +2
          24 October 2016 20: 50
          Quote: Talgat 148
          what the hell can you expect tomorrow! I won’t believe anyone already ...
          After what happens ...

          What's going on? Kazakhstan, thank God, is pursuing a fairly independent policy and is not visible on the horizon on the horizon.
        2. +2
          24 October 2016 20: 59
          Ukraine is an example of how not to act, breaking economic and other ties for the sake of political ambitions, which are not substantiated by anything. You can not bring in the international. strife and so refers to its history, you can not "sell" the interests of the country and the well-being of its citizens. hi
    2. +3
      24 October 2016 21: 30
      If the current is not polite Donbass!

      even did not understand !!!! not really the polite Donbass intimidated the whole world, "rocking" the ukradin junta in the weary hands ??? IN CASE, on the one hand, thanks for the compliment, on the other hand, it’s impolite on your part, like “we don’t have a big enemy yet.” it is strange, even if you talgat have seen enough of the ANALytic huntobanderlog channels, be simpler, Donbass is far, the only coal can compete with KaragandaAnd so, in the Donbass, and so enough problems
      1. +2
        25 October 2016 02: 17
        Quote: Crimean partisan 1974
        If the current is not polite Donbass!

        even did not understand !!!! not really the polite Donbass intimidated the whole world, "rocking" the ukradin junta in the weary hands ??? IN CASE, on the one hand, thanks for the compliment, on the other hand, it’s impolite on your part, like “we don’t have a big enemy yet.” it is strange, even if you talgat have seen enough of the ANALytic huntobanderlog channels, be simpler, Donbass is far, the only coal can compete with KaragandaAnd so, in the Donbass, and so enough problems

        Hello partisan wink No need, I think that Talgat is not writing from evil. Each has its own bell tower, you don’t have much to understand how they are looking at the world in Kazakhstan. You, too, changed some of your own after talking to Seryozha. Serge about the knife worries it will be a pity if he disappears.
        1. +3
          25 October 2016 06: 50
          Hello Olya, we talked to C6eroga, he reminded how the grass of the trocha will die — I’ll clean that sector, now it’s useless even with a magnet, and I just reminded the Talgat, people already have problems with their throats, and then they let fear go around the world about the atrocities of the DPR armed forces,
      2. +2
        25 October 2016 04: 33
        You yourself babai, babajozhka!
        And I've seen enough of the Russian channels! Nauseous!
        1. +2
          25 October 2016 06: 46
          and the Russians don’t watch the news, especially before eating, after you can, it’s better to get information from a friend directly at the scene, and indeed, there’s a lot of sources now, having summed up all this we get a real picture.
    3. 0
      25 October 2016 07: 48
      From polite Donbas (not only from the Russian side) air defense will not save ....
  8. +3
    24 October 2016 19: 01
    Kazakhstan is full of money (at least before the crisis) both for air defense systems and aviation. Just before the famous events, it was believed that no one would attack us, and a bolt was hammered into financing the armed forces.
    1. +1
      24 October 2016 19: 31
      Hey. How do you like the reshuffle at the top? The Minister of Defense moved to the first deputies of the Prime Minister, the old Prime Minister in the KNB, the new Ministry for Defense and Aerospace Industry. And what is NAS with aviation and space planning? Helicopters and a launch pad at Baikonur - something sickly for the whole ministry !? Maybe they decided to replace h.okhlov with something? So far, except for a smile, nothing causes. hi
      1. 0
        27 October 2016 19: 45
        And how do you like raising taxes and lowering the VAT threshold?
    2. +3
      24 October 2016 19: 52
      Quote: Zymran
      Kazakhstan is full of money (at least before the crisis) both for air defense systems and aviation. Just before the famous events, it was believed that no one would attack us, and a bolt was hammered into financing the armed forces.

      For me, our air defense troops are a purely ceremonial type of troops, the sense of them is of little value. What are the possible opponents of our air defense Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Turkmenistan they have weak Air Force. China has an unrealistic superiority in forces and means, including the Air Force. I think the Russian Federation is surely passing us the air defense systems there provided a lever that will cut down these systems in the event of an attempt to use them against the Russian Air Force.
      1. +1
        24 October 2016 20: 43
        It is not true that our air defense is strong enough, and whoever attacks first will wash off with blood, if anyone has a real advantage, it’s not against us, the Chinese have enough trouble without us, they won’t be able to create a big advantage, withdraw troops from other strategic directions. ! Taiwan - USA, India, Vietnam, Japan and Russia. So their group is quite in the teeth of our defense! Therefore, with a minor threat, sufficient air defense! There are a lot of MiG-31 combat ready! And Kazakhstan also has Me, everyone can sleep peacefully! ))))
        1. +2
          24 October 2016 21: 10
          We must pay attention to the fact that our air defense personnel are constantly present at all joint exercises in the CSTO. Moreover, launches from all those in service with the air defense systems. Personnel are trained in the corresponding higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation. Therefore, I would not be so critical in evaluating our air defense. But here is the area of ​​the country - therefore, it is necessary to develop both air defense and the air force. The article notes the raid of our pilots, which cannot but rejoice. But the number of combat-ready aircraft is causing concern. The author is right that an update is needed. Those MiG-29s have a low resource and what is left of it is not clear. There is no need to write about the MiG-21,23,27. Only MiG-35 can replace them, based on the military policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. hi
  9. +3
    24 October 2016 20: 32
    "Layout of liquidated positions of air defense missile systems on the territory of the Kazakh SSR"
    As is clearly seen on the map - from whom the air defense system was "guarded" in the USSR wink
  10. +2
    25 October 2016 04: 55
    How many `` wolves '' do not feed, he still looks into the forest. It is high time for Russia to stop this charity, which is harmful to the Russian army and budget. The entire independent policy of the former republics of the USSR is based on Russophobia and opposing itself to Russia. It is enough to look at Ukraine, which empty-headed Moscow officials fed at the expense of the Russian Federation with loans and other nishtyaks until 2014, for a reasonable person to draw conclusions about the advisability of such actions. Unfortunately, among the officials of the Russian Federation, there are many who have nothing to do with the indigenous population of the Russian Federation and do not feel patriotism towards Russia, preferring to work at the expense of the Russian Federation for other countries. It is enough to recall the recent scandal with the sale to Ukraine of parts from the strategic cruise missiles X-55 to understand that it is no longer possible to tolerate the antics of foreign patriots on the territory of the Russian Federation!
    1. +3
      26 October 2016 20: 47
      Wolf is a good comparison! But what about feed ??? RF - feeds everyone !!! ))))
      Only Ukraine, please leave alone, fed already by the ears! Who else is Russia feeding ??? Kazakhstan??? Just do not need about renting Baikonur and landfills is a miser! Plus environmental pollution! Our homeland is not yours !!!
      You feed only your Caucasus!
      Start loving peoples and countries close to you in spirit and culture, and you will be rewarded !!!
      1. +1
        1 November 2016 11: 15
        Russia, because of the foolishness of Moscow, feeds the entire former USSR, giving you jobs, and Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, and Jordan and Cyprus, money that would be very useful to Russia itself. Just do not need me to write that you are doing everything here and we will die without you. In Khatkovo, all foreigners were thrown out of the city, as well as in some other cities and the locals work everywhere, without you and without them you only feel better ...
  11. +2
    25 October 2016 07: 52
    The supply of equipment includes personnel training and military loyalty from importer countries. In the case of the Kazakhs, these are far-off air defense lines ... Plus, the equipment is now digital and, as a rule, is not applicable against the country of origin.
  12. +1
    30 October 2016 11: 34
    Quote: Vladimirets
    Kazakhstan, thank God, is pursuing a fairly independent policy and is not visible on the horizon on the horizon.

    You can’t see the orange and the green is showing through, recently they tried to capture the treble. In general, Nazarbayev does not become younger and it is not known what will happen after the change of power. It is possible that people who studied in foreign educational institutions will take the exact opposite course. It is no secret that both in Russia and in other CIS countries, oligarch kids and elites absorb Western values ​​and will soon come to power. And it’s no secret that this forum is attended by people who are negative about the current RK course. In particular, a certain Clegg seems to be if I’m not mistaken
  13. 0
    30 October 2016 11: 45
    Quote: Talgat 148
    Taiwan - USA, India, Vietnam, Japan and Russia

    You need to understand that at present large-scale invasions are impossible if the country does not show obvious threats to its neighbors, well, perhaps the United States and NATO are allowed. And if you are comparing Ukraine, then the authorities there themselves allowed an escalation, abandoning the troops. another situation - jumping and Ukrainization got the local population and the fact that no armed resistance was shown clearly shows the attitude of citizens and military personnel to the "Anschluss"
    The change of state power is now carried out by other methods, financial and informational.

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