Alexander Nechvolodov. the last ideologue of the empire
Alexander Nechvolodov from childhood decided that he would be a military man. He graduated from 2 th St. Petersburg Military Gymnasium. After the gymnasium entered the 3-e Alexander Military School. Interrupting his studies at the school, he went to serve as a volunteer in the Life Guards Pavlovsky Regiment. The young man turned out to be very capable, he managed to pass the exams for the full course of military school at the age of 19. In the summer of 1883, he was given the first officer rank of lieutenant, and a month later - the rank of ensign. In 1889, he graduated from the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff. After the academy, his service was connected with military counterintelligence. The socio-political situation in Russia at the end of the 19th century was restless. There were terrorist and underground revolutionary groups trying to destabilize the situation in the country. For these purposes they widely used weapon. A significant part of the weapons fell to these anti-state elements from the arsenals and warehouses of the Russian army. Revolutionaries and terrorists recruited their agents among officers and soldiers who, for money and / or convictions, stole state-owned weapons and handed them over to the troublemakers. Nechvolodov identified traitors in military units, he managed to stop the theft of a large number of weapons. In 1903 – 1905 was a military agent in Korea. The next milestone in the life of Nechvolodov was his participation in the Russian-Japanese war. Consisted at the headquarters of the governor in the Far East. Engaged in the organization of intelligence in the headquarters of the Manchurian army.
An important event in the life of not only Nechvolodov personally, but also of the whole of Russia, was the publication of a small book (a little more than 1906 pages), written by Alexander Dmitrievich in late May 100. It was called "From Ruin to Prosperity." This is the main economic work Nechvolodova. The “enlightened” public of the capital, infected with the ideas of liberalism and Western theories, attacked the author of the work, accusing him of various “phobias” and conservatism. But thanks to the work “From Ruin to Prosperity”, representatives of the patriotic circles of Russia learned about a little-known officer of the General Staff of the Russian Army who brilliantly understood the world situation, finances and qualified the threats to the future of the Russian Empire. They even suggested that Alexander Dmitrievich become the honorary chairman of the “Union of the Russian People” (NRC), but Nechvolodov refused. It is said that he did this because the ranks of the NRC were severely infected by people who acted as “domestic anti-Semitism”. According to the general, this caused great harm to the monarchical and patriotic movement in Russia. Shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, in September 1914, he was presented for dismissal, although at the request of General Nikolai Ruzsky Alexander Nechvolodov continued to serve in the army in the field.
In 1915 – 1917 he commanded the 19 Infantry Division, in May 1915 received the rank of lieutenant general. When the Provisional Government came to power, he was removed from the command of the division. In 1928, at one of the monarchical meetings, Alexander Dmitrievich refused to shake hands with Lieutenant General Alexander Lukomsky, publicly declaring that it was this general who was directly responsible for the abdication of Tsar Nikolai Alexandrovich in 1917. It almost got to the duel. Alexander Dmitrievich was a full member of the Imperial Russian military-historical society. Enthusiasm history started quite early. He considered Nechvolodov as his teacher the famous Russian historian Ivan Zabelin (1820 – 1908).
In 30 years, Alexander Dmitrievich has already released his first book on military history. It was called "Outline of the phenomena of war in the representation of the commander based on the letters of Napoleon over the summer and autumn of 1813 of the year" (Warsaw, 1894). There were publications Nechvolodova on historical topics in periodicals. Nechvolodov as a historian is best known for his fundamental work, "The Tale of the Russian Land." According to some information, the publication of the first part of the Legends was released in 1909 in Nikolaev, when Alexander Dmitrievich also commanded the 58 regiment. Judging by some sources, the idea of writing an all-encompassing work on Russian history Nechvolodov suggested the emperor Nicholas II during their conversation at one of the official methods after the return of the general from the Nicholas province to the capital. The Tsar told Alexander Dmitrievich that in Russia there is a great need for an accessible and nationally oriented history textbook that the books of Nikolai Karamzin on Russian history are hopelessly outdated. By the 300 anniversary of the house of the Romanovs, the full four-volume version of the Legends was published. Let me remind the names of volumes:
1. From ancient times to the heyday of Russian power under Yaroslavl the Wise.
2. Separation of power in Russia with the sons of Yaroslav the Wise until the end of the great reign of Dimitri Ivanovich Donskoy.
3. Formation of the Moscow State under the successors of Dimitri Ivanovich Donskoy.
4. Ivan the Terrible and the time of troubles. Election to the kingdom of Mikhail Romanovich.
By the way, “Tales” is a favorite book of holy royal martyrs. After the release of The Tales, the emperor declared: "Finally, the book of Russian history that our people have been waiting for so long." The king read it aloud to the whole family, the book was with them until the last days in Yekaterinburg. In our time, President Vladimir Putin recommended The Tale as a history textbook for cadet schools. In this work, Nechvolodov proved himself both as a historian, and as an excellent writer, and as an expert in military affairs, and as a profound economist. He continued his studies in emigration.
More than a century has passed since the release of these works, but they are not only not outdated, but, on the contrary, the conclusions contained in them are of utmost relevance. What are the economic books written by Nechvolodov? First, about the world of money and about bankers. Secondly, about gold as the “core” of the world of money. Third, about Russia, which at the end of the 19th century found itself embroiled in the world of gold money. Fourthly, about the ways of Russia's exit from the “golden trap” into which it fell.
Immediately, we note that Nechvolodov was not the only Russian thinker and patriot who saw the danger in gold currency. His assessments coincided, for example, with the views of the well-known Russian economist Sergey Sharapov (1856 – 1911), who wrote “Paper Ruble” as an immortal work in 1895 year. You can put George Butmi (1856 – 1917), the author of the book “Capital and Debts” (1898), a collection of articles and speeches “Golden Currency” (1906), and other works in the same series. Careful scientific reprinting of these works - the task of our time.
- Valentin Katasonov
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