The guns on the railway transporter. French 194 mm cannon 1870 / 93
The 1886 M carriage, designed for coastal artillery and consisting of two machines (upper and lower) and a hydraulic recoil brake, was used to mount the gun on the railway conveyor. The recoil energy that occurred when fired was extinguished by moving the upper machine up and back along the inclined surface of the lower machine and the recoil brake. Under the action of gravity occurred roll forward. For aiming the gun in the vertical plane, it was equipped with a lifting mechanism with a toothed sector. The maximum elevation angle is 40 degrees.
The angle of horizontal fire was 360 degrees. To enable circular shelling, the lower machine was mounted on a steel frame that rotated on rollers on a cast iron base mounted on a conveyor belt. The horizontal pointing mechanism consisted of a ring gear on a cast-iron base and a gear wheel on a steel swing frame. Vertical and horizontal guidance had manual drives. The peculiarity of the considered artillery rail installation was the presence of shield cover of the gun, made in the form of an armored tower. On both sides of the tower were placed armor for ammunition. For the submission of charges and shells into the tower, it was necessary to deploy it so that the receiving hatch, made in the aft part of the tower, stood in front of the corresponding hatch of the cellar.
Such a constructive solution greatly complicated the process of loading and reduced the rate of fire of the gun. Despite this, the French gunners found the railway installation with the 194-millimeter M 1870 / 93 quite successful. Schneider ordered a large batch of these installations. Already in March, 1915 of this type was used against German troops. Since the mass production of these railway installations was carried out throughout the war and in the postwar years, by the year 12 the French army had a fleet of 1940 32 mm guns on the railway conveyors.
During World War II, German forces seized most of the installations after the defeat of France and used them in the coastal defense system under the designation 19,4, see Kapop (E) 486 (f) or 93 (f). In this case, the guns from part of the installations were dismantled and installed at stationary firing positions.
Performance characteristics:
Caliber - 194,4 mm;
Barrel length - 30,3 calibers;
The highest angle of elevation is + 40 degrees;
Declination angle - 0 degrees;
Angle of horizontal fire - 360 hail .;
The mass of the high-explosive projectile - 83,0 kg;
The initial velocity of the projectile - 640 m / s;
The longest firing range - 18300 m.
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The guns on the railway transporter. French 194 mm cannon 1870 / 93
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Information